German Grammar — B2
German grammar topics for CEFR level B2: explanations and interactive practice exercises with instant feedback.
- Advanced Location and Path Expressions — Use innerhalb, außerhalb, oberhalb, unterhalb, bis, bis zu, and entlang with correct case and placement.
- German Adverbial Order: TeKaMoLo — Order temporal, causal, modal, and local adverbials in the German middle field. Learn same-class ordering, fronting, focus, and deliberately marked deviations.
- Auch and Focus Particles — Distinguish sentence-wide auch from focusing auch and place German focus particles immediately before the constituent they highlight.
- Counterfactual Wishes, Conditions, and Concessions — Connect present and past counterfactual wishes and conditions with consequences and concessive counterarguments.
- Fixed Prepositions with Accusative Valency — Learn fixed accusative prepositional complements and distinguish meaning-dependent variants.
- Fixed Prepositions with Dative Valency — Learn fixed dative prepositions with verbs, nouns, and adjectives and group them semantically.
- Requests, Suggestions, Advice, and Reproaches — Use Konjunktiv II for polite requests, suggestions, and advice. Contrast current recommendations with missed alternatives and reproaches.
- Past Konjunktiv II Forms — Build unreal past statements with hätte or wäre, participles, modal double infinitives, and the passive. Contrast present and past counterfactuals.
- Location, Destination, and Origin — Distinguish wo, wohin, and woher with aus, von, nach, zu, in, bei, an, and auf.
- Modal Verbs: Obligation, Permission, and Necessity — Explore nuanced obligation, permission, prohibition, and absence of necessity.
- Modal Verbs: Present Assumptions and Reported Claims — Express graded present assumptions and reported claims.
- Negative Words and Scope — Distinguish temporal, spatial, personal, and quantity negation, including not yet and no longer.
- Position and Scope of nicht — Place nicht accurately in whole-sentence and constituent negation. Identify which complements precede or follow it and how its position changes the contrast.
- Three Types of Noun Declension — Distinguish normal nouns, n-declension, and nominalized adjectives across cases.
- Participles as Adjectives: Active and Passive Meaning — Form and decline present (Partizip I) and past (Partizip II) participles as adjectives and distinguish simultaneous activity from passive/result meaning.
- Alternatives to the werden Passive — Replace the werden passive with sich lassen, sein + zu + infinitive, and suitable adjectives while respecting modality, register, and meaning limits.
- Past Tenses: Perfekt, Präteritum, and Plusquamperfekt — Form German Perfekt, Präteritum, and Plusquamperfekt and choose haben or sein.
- Advanced Prepositional Complements and Pronominal Adverbs — Form questions and references with wo(r)-, da(r)-, and preposition + person, and link infinitive/dass clauses correctly.
- Sentence Connections and Verb Position — Distinguish subordinate-clause connectors, position-1 conjunctive adverbs, and position-0 coordinating conjunctions. Place the finite verb and subject correctly across connected clauses.
German — Grammar