German Grammar — B1
German grammar topics for CEFR level B1: explanations and interactive practice exercises with instant feedback.
- Genitive: Possession and Names — Learn how the German genitive expresses possession and relationships. Practise articles, noun endings, names, and rewriting von + dative.
- Comparative Clauses with je … desto/umso — Learn to express proportional change with je … desto/umso. Practise comparative forms, verb-final order in the je-clause, and verb-second order in the main clause.
- Konjunktiv II: Unreal Wishes — Learn to express unreal wishes and hypothetical conditions with Konjunktiv II. Practise wenn-clauses, würde + infinitive, and verb position.
- Indirect Questions — Learn to report German wh-questions and yes/no questions as subordinate clauses. Practise question words or ob, verb-final order, and polite introductory phrases.
- Relative Pronouns: der, die, das — Learn to describe people and things more precisely with German relative clauses. Choose relative pronouns in the nominative, accusative, and dative, including forms used after prepositions, and place the verb at the end.
- Reflexive Pronouns: Dative or Accusative? — Distinguish dative and accusative reflexive pronouns. Learn why an additional accusative object often requires mir or dir, and practise verbs whose meaning changes with the construction.
- Future I: Future Events and Assumptions — Learn how to use werden + infinitive for future events and assumptions. Distinguish formal Futur I from the present tense for fixed plans, and use wohl, vielleicht, and wahrscheinlich appropriately.
- Prepositional Adverbs: da(r)- and wo(r)- — Learn to refer to things, situations, and clauses with da(r)- and ask about them with wo(r)-. Distinguish these forms from preposition + pronoun for people and from spatial or temporal da-words.
- The German Verb lassen — Distinguish all eight meanings of lassen and their perfect patterns: leave, arrange, allow, joint proposal, offer help, possibility, stop, and cause.
- N-Declension — Learn which masculine German nouns take -(e)n outside the nominative singular. Practise accusative, dative, and genitive forms and distinguish singular from plural.
- Past Perfect (Plusquamperfekt) — Learn how German describes an event completed before another past event. Practise forming the Plusquamperfekt with hatte or war, choosing the auxiliary, and using nachdem clauses.
- Nominalized Adjectives for People — Learn how German adjectives can be used as nouns for people. Practise capitalization, gender, number, and adjective endings in all four cases.
- Nominalized Adjectives: etwas Neues — Learn neuter nominalized adjectives after alles, das, etwas, nichts, viel, wenig, and ein bisschen. Practise capitalization and the endings -e and -es.
- Paired Connectors — Learn to link parallel elements with sowohl … als auch, nicht nur … sondern auch, weder … noch, and entweder … oder. Distinguish addition, emphatic addition, double negation, and alternatives.
- Purpose clauses: um … zu and damit — Learn to express goals and intentions with um … zu or damit. Choose the structure from the subjects and place the verb correctly.
- Time Clauses: bevor, nachdem, während, seitdem — Learn to express time relationships precisely with bevor, nachdem, während, and seitdem. Practise meaning, verb-final order, and tense sequence with nachdem.
- Genitive Prepositions: während, wegen, trotz, innerhalb, außerhalb — Learn five common German genitive prepositions and distinguish time, cause, concession, and spatial or temporal boundaries. Practise the correct genitive articles and noun endings.
- Present Participle as an Adjective — Learn to express ongoing, simultaneous actions with the German Partizip I before a noun. Practise formation, adjective endings, and shortening relative clauses.
- The Functions of werden — Distinguish werden as a full verb, a passive auxiliary, and part of Futur I. Learn why its perfect form is sometimes geworden and sometimes worden.
- Temporal Prepositions: vor, nach, in, seit, bei and während — Distinguish past points, duration, future time, simultaneity, and deadlines with German temporal prepositions. Practise the dative and genitive forms used in time expressions.
German — Grammar